Exhaust principle of water ring vacuum pump

Water ring vacuum pump is a kind of crude vacuum pump. The limit vacuum it can obtain is 2000 ~ 4000Pa, and the series atmospheric ejector can reach 270 ~ 670pa. Water ring pump can also be used as compressor, which is called water ring compressor. It belongs to low-pressure compressor, and its pressure range is 1 ~ 2 × 105Pa gauge pressure.

Water ring pump was first used as self absorption pump, and then gradually used in many industrial sectors such as petroleum, chemical industry, machinery, mining, light industry, medicine and food. In many industrial processes, such as vacuum filtration, vacuum water diversion, vacuum feeding, vacuum evaporation, vacuum concentration, vacuum moisture return and vacuum degassing, water ring pump is widely used. Due to the rapid development of vacuum application technology, water ring pump has been paid more and more attention in the aspect of obtaining crude vacuum. Because the gas compression in the water ring pump is isothermal, it can pump out flammable and explosive gas, in addition, it can also pump out the gas containing dust and water. Therefore, the application of water ring pump is increasing day by day.

The pump body is filled with appropriate amount of water as working fluid. When the impeller rotates clockwise according to the direction indicated in the figure, the water is thrown around by the impeller. Due to the centrifugal force, the water forms a closed ring of approximately equal thickness, which is determined by the shape of the pump cavity. The inner surface of the upper part of the water ring is just tangent to the impeller hub, and the inner surface of the lower part of the water ring is just in contact with the top of the blade (in fact, the blade has a certain insertion depth in the water ring). At this time, a crescent space is formed between the impeller hub and the water ring, and this space is divided into several small cavities with equal number of blades by the impeller. If the upper 0 ° of the impeller is taken as the starting point, the volume of the small cavity will increase from small to large when the impeller is 180 ° before rotation, and it is connected with the suction port on the end face. At this time, the gas will be inhaled, and when the suction is finished, the small cavity will be isolated from the suction port; when the impeller continues to rotate, the small cavity will change from large to small, so that the gas will be compressed; when the small cavity is connected with the exhaust port, the gas will be discharged out of the pump.

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