Roots Vacuum Pump in Medicine

Vacuum technology in medicine is mainly used in the production of medical devices and drugs. The effective use of these new medical devices will contribute to the success of surgical operations, effectively prolong the use of drugs, vaccines, blood and increase the effectiveness of use.

Clinical vacuum aspiration: Clinical aspiration is often seen in surgery. Small pat suction is mainly used for needle aspiration. In general, the main aspiration patients after surgery congestion, pus, vomit, ascites and sputum. Obviously, these must adopt continuous suction method, and at the same time prevent the invasion of bacteria, that is to say, strict aseptic operation should be guaranteed.

After facial and thoracic surgery, a micro-mechanical pump is often used to remove phlegm in the throat of patients. But for the removal of congestion, pus, vomiting and ascites, there must be a suction device. Water ejector, steam ejector pump, water ring pump, slide valve mechanical pump, rotary vane mechanical pump and Roots pump are commonly used.

When using vacuum suction, there are certain requirements for the installation of vacuum pipeline, because with the start of the pump, it will quickly affect patients. The vacuum suction system of the vacuum suction device used in large hospitals can be operated by a vacuum pump, while many patients are treated by clinical suction. However, each drainage pipe should be equipped with pressure and flow control, put all plugs and bacterial filters, at the same time, we can also see the quality of the vacuum from the audio and visual. This device is suitable for large surgical wards, avoiding the noise caused by using vacuum pumps separately, and reasonably improving the utilization rate of vacuum pumps. But with this vacuum suction system, the pipeline should be installed reasonably and the bacterial contamination of the vacuum pipeline should be avoided.

For vacuum aspirator, although the minimum pressure required is 50 Torr, the average pumping speed of vacuum aspirator can be as large as possible considering the disadvantages of long pipeline route, reduced conductivity and system leakage. The pressure regulating device can be used to select the suitable vacuum condition and the flow rate during suction. If a leak is found, it can be plugged in time.

In the specific operation, attention should be paid to the size of pumping speed. The pumping speed of the system is different from that of the actual pumping speed, because the designed pumping speed is for air, but in fact it is a kind of viscous liquid, such as purulent blood and phlegm, which is sucked. The flow rate of the suction fluid can be determined by adjusting the flow rate during suction, thus the actual pumping speed of the system can be estimated.

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Performance of Claw Vacuum Pump

Compared with oil-sealed mechanical vacuum pump, oil-free dry vacuum pump has a smaller compaction. To overcome the high pressure difference and exhaust directly to the atmosphere, a large number of particulates need to be removed. Therefore, it is very important to select an effective pumping structure. Claw vacuum pump oil has high volume power and internal contraction. The rotor can tell the non-touch work. It is a better pumping organization for dry pumping, but it also needs multi-stage series connection to reach the required limit pressure.

In addition to tightening the gas, the claw rotor also has the effect of opening and closing the valve by itself, that is, opening and closing the inlet and outlet of the vacuum pump chamber periodically. Because of internal tightening and this valve effect, high tightening ratio and high volume power can be achieved. It has higher pumping speed under the condition of low power consumption. The variety of exhausted gas has little effect on the contraction ratio. The void between the rotor and the vacuum pump body is large, and the small particles can be easily removed. At present, many dry vacuum pumps based on this principle have been produced in China.

Following is an example of four-stage vacuum pump with full-claw rotor.

The main shaft of the vacuum pump is a straight device, the air flow can move from the top to the bottom, which is not known to be conducive to the discharge of particulate matter and liquids. The pumping volume of vacuum pump chambers at all levels is equal except for the first level. Because Guo Pengcheng's reflux in different levels of voids is different, the reflux status at different levels is also different, and the contraction ratio can be reached at different levels is also different. When the sediment is present in the exhaust ports at all levels in the center, the vacuum pump can be cleaned without dismantling the whole vacuum pump by using detachable pipes and connecting with fast joints on these parts. The bearings and seals are cooled with water and the central part is cooled with air. In this way, the temperature difference between the rotor and the vacuum pump body is small. Exterior corrosion resistance when touched with the extracted medium. Rotor is rolled by motor and gear, bearing and gear are smooth. A special piston ring sealing device is selected to prevent smooth oil vapor from leaking into the vacuum pump chamber. The four levels are layered structure, easy maintenance and high positioning accuracy.

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How to deal with the pollution of vacuum system?

Low vacuum devices, such as vacuum conveying, vacuum impregnation, vacuum filtration, vacuum monotony, vacuum degassing (steel disposal) and so on, plead for low vacuum pumping units with high working pressure and large exhaust capacity. Reciprocating vacuum pumps, oil-sealed vacuum pumps, steam radiation pumps, water ring pumps and Roots are commonly used in the main pumps of such low vacuum pumping units. Pumps, etc. The low vacuum pumping units used should also be equipped with necessary dust collectors, monotonous tanks and other components according to the cleanliness, humidity or other special requests of the pumped gas.

Water vapor condenses into droplets in the process of contraction and mixes with the pump to form suspension. It not only reduces the vacuum, but also rusts the pump chamber and rotor, destroys the sealing surface and lowers the limit vacuum of the pump. Therefore, it is very important to prevent water vapor from polluting mechanical pumps. The preventive measures include:

(1) Oil-sealed mechanical pumps with air-ballast devices are selected;

(2) Oil separators, centrifugal separators or oil-water separators stop the treatment of mechanical pump oil mixed with water, and the treated oil is then flowed into the pump for use;

(3) Use monotonous agents with strong water absorption;

(4) The use of liquid nitrogen cold trap can not only effectively absorb water vapor, but also prevent the mechanical pump oil from flowing back to the high vacuum chamber.

Pollution and Prevention of Oil Diffusion Pump Vacuum System

The vacuum system of oil diffusion pump is the most widely used vacuum system. Its vacuum degree is 1.3 *10-3~1.3 *10-5 Pa. After long-term use, the common shortcomings of various vacuum devices consisting of oil diffusion pump vacuum system are that the vacuum can not be pumped up, or the vacuum can not be pumped up to the original limit vacuum level. It is related to the oil vapor pollution of the vacuum chamber wall and the pollution of various pollutants in the vacuum process.

(1) Clean the vacuum chamber regularly;

(2) Stop cleaning oil seal mechanical vacuum pump and oil metal diffusion pump regularly.

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Basic Requirements for Vacuum Systems

Vacuum system refers to a device which can meet certain vacuum requirements by connecting vacuum pumps, vacuum gauges and various parts through pipes in an appropriate way. What are the basic requirements of vacuum system?

1. Get the required limit vacuum and working vacuum in the pumped device or working chamber. Limit vacuum is the vacuum degree that the device achieves without leakage and discharge, and working vacuum is the vacuum degree that can be maintained when the device is vacuum treated. A large amount of gas is emitted during vacuum treatment, and the working vacuum will be significantly lower than the limit vacuum. Limit vacuum degree and working vacuum degree have their own importance. They affect the quality of devices from different aspects.

2. The time required to obtain a working vacuum. The time depends on the pumping speed of the vacuum system. Increasing pumping speed can shorten this time. Large studios clearly require large pumping speeds. Sometimes the studio is small, but because of the serious leakage, the vacuum system also needs a large pumping speed, otherwise a large amount of leakage will greatly reduce the vacuum, making the system unable to work.

3. Suitable residual gas composition in the extracted device or working room. Practice has proved that it is not enough to simply improve and ensure the limit vacuum and working vacuum, and there should be certain requirements for residual gas composition. For example, in order to maintain the sensitivity reduction within one year life of vacuum camera devices, the oxygen content of residual gases in the devices should not be higher than 10-2 Pa high-voltage vacuum switch tube, and hydrocarbon molecules should not be included. The residual gas composition of the vacuum system, if there is no other gas source in the system, mainly depends on the characteristics of the pump.

4. In addition, the vacuum system must be simple in structure, reliable in performance, convenient in operation and maintenance, and inexpensive in price. To meet these requirements, comprehensive consideration must be given to the selection of pumps, the determination and layout of pipe sizes, and the assembly process. These basic requirements are often interrelated. For example, because the vacuum system always has the phenomenon of micro leakage, the pump with high pumping speed can obtain better working vacuum than the pump with low pumping speed, but the large pump is expensive, consumes more water and electricity, so there is a problem of reasonable selection. Miniature vacuum pumps are suitable for instruments and small vacuum systems. They are low cost, high efficiency and low noise. It is inappropriate for some users to choose industrial vacuum pumps with large flow rate.

5. Automation requirements. With the development of computer technology, the automation requirement of vacuum system for users is also increasing. For the vacuum system, the automatic control mainly regulates the flow rate and vacuum degree of the vacuum pump. Vacuum degree is often controlled by adjusting the flow rate of vacuum pump, installing throttle valve and relief valve. It is better to directly adjust the rotational speed of the vacuum pump to reduce energy loss and generate additional noise by throttling.

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Pipeline Installation of Water Ring Vacuum Pump

Six Points for Attention in Pipeline Installation of Water Ring Vacuum Pump

1. Choosing a Reasonable Scheme

(1) The shorter the distance between the outlet of the vacuum system and the inlet of the pump, the better.

(2) The less the pipe turns, the better.

(3) The inlet pipeline shall be higher than the central line of the pump inlet, and the outlet pipeline shall prevent factors causing greater resistance, such as climbing of the outlet pipeline, right-angle turning, etc.

(4) The diameter of the fitting pipe should be the same as that of the product. If the vacuum system is small, the diameter of the fitting pipe can be small, but not less than 70% of the diameter of the product, and the diameter of the outlet pipe should be greater than or equal to the diameter of the inlet pipe.

(5) The turning of the pipeline should be smooth transition;

(6) Valves should be installed in the intake pipeline of vacuum pumps to regulate the amount of water intake and the amount of water intake has an effect on the vacuum degree. While regulating the intake, the valve can be controlled by observing the pointer of the vacuum meter. The limit vacuum of SK-0.8 can reach -0.087. In the working state, because the pipeline is not completely sealed, the vacuum degree is -0.087. 06 or so can meet the needs of the work.

2. When installing or repairing pipelines, foreign bodies should be avoided.

3. The joints of pipelines should be sealed with encrypted gaskets. There should be no leakage of air or water.

4. Install vacuum gauge at the suction port of vacuum equipment, so as to control the change of vacuum.

5. When the vacuum reaches its limit, a great noise will be emitted, which is called cavitation sound. When the vacuum is high, the pressure test blasting detector will open the valve to release excessive gas, and the cavitation sound will disappear immediately. When the vacuum decreases, the valve will be closed.

6. One of the important functions of circulating water is to cool the heat generated by the vacuum pump when it works. When the temperature of circulating water exceeds 40 degrees, the vacuum will be reduced. Cooling water can be replaced or replaced in time to reduce the heat of circulating water. The vacuum pump on fencing equipment uses iron and oil barrels to fill circulating water, and there is more water in the barrel.

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Diffusion Vacuum Pump Characteristics

For general diffusion vacuum pumps, the vacuum pump body is usually made into a straight cylinder; for large vacuum pumps, there are also conical or convex cavity vacuum pumps. Because the cylinder vacuum pump body is easy to process, it is widely used at present. Vacuum pump body with diameter D < 250mm is made of seamless steel tube; vacuum pump body of large vacuum pump is made of 4 ~ 10mm thick steel plate rolled into cylinder and welded, so the weld seam can not leak. The inner wall of vacuum pump should be polished and nickel plated.

The convex cavity vacuum pump body can greatly increase the pumping speed without increasing the size of the vacuum pump mouth. The convex cavity vacuum pump body is to change the straight cylinder vacuum pump body into a local drum convex cavity vacuum pump body. The processing method is still welded with steel plates. The bottom section of the vacuum pump is the same as the inlet diameter of the flange of the vacuum pump, except that the vacuum pump body enlarges the vacuum pump chamber at the lower part of the inlet flange, and the enlarged diameter extends directly to the wall of the vacuum pump by the jet of the second stage nozzle. Because the convex cavity of the vacuum pump body enlarges the space of pumping action, enlarges the conductivity between the first and second nozzles, and improves the pumping speed.

Ultra-high vacuum pump oil is also a very important issue. The inappropriate surface temperature of the vacuum pump wall makes the oil vapor molecules colliding on the inner surface of the diffusion vacuum pump not easy to condense. The surface temperature of the oil layer flowing down the vacuum pump wall is higher than that of the vacuum pump wall, which is prone to re-evaporation and oil vapor reflux. So the cooling efficiency of the vacuum pump wall should be high. Generally, the spiral copper pipe is welded on the outside of the vacuum pump wall or made into a water jacket (or spiral steel wire is installed in the middle of the water jacket). The cooling part of the vacuum pump is usually confined to the area where the vapor flow can be injected, so that the oil condensated from the top can receive higher heat before returning to the oil pan, so that the gas dissolved in the oil can be released, so as to prevent it from mixing into the oil vapor and entering the nozzles at all levels, thus affecting the vacuum degree of the vacuum pump.

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Water Ring Vacuum Pump Unit Advantages

It is more advantageous to choose water ring pump as the front pump for water ring vacuum unit, which is made up of water ring vacuum pump in series as the front pump, and the vacuum unit is mainly pumped by pump. It overcomes the shortcomings of limit pressure difference and low pumping rate under a certain pressure when a single water ring pump is used. At the same time, it preserves the advantages of rapid operation of the pump and larger pumping rate.

Especially, it can suit to extract a large amount of condensable steam, especially when the capacity of gas-ballast oil-seal mechanical vacuum pump to remove condensable steam is not enough, or the solvent used can deteriorate the performance of the pump oil, or when oil pollution is not allowed in the vacuum system.

When equipped with explosion-proof motors and electrical appliances, the vacuum unit can also extract flammable and explosive gases under the corresponding safety rules. Therefore, Pump-Water ring pump unit is widely used in vacuum distillation, vacuum evaporation, dehydration and crystallization in chemical industry; freeze-drying in food industry; vacuum drying in pharmaceutical industry; polyester chips in textile industry; high-altitude simulation test and so on. Before using the vacuum unit, it is necessary to carefully check whether the fasteners in each part are loose or not. If there is loose, it must be corrected and tightened. Before starting, the tank must be filled with water, and the inlet valve of the pump must be opened. It is strictly forbidden to dehydrate, rotate and reverse, so as to prevent damage to the seal and pump.

Before the vacuum unit shuts down, it first empties or the vacuum degree falls below 0.092 Mpa, then shuts down in order to prevent the vacuum degree from being too high and suction easily damages the check valve. If the check valve fails, please open the check valve cover and remove impurities.) Steam-water series jet pump of vacuum unit, first opens and then turns on steam, then shuts down to prevent damage to the water jet pump. When installing steam pipeline, make sure that water can not accumulate in the pipeline, and keep the level, otherwise the vacuum will be affected. The excessive temperature of circulating water in the pool will affect the exhaust capacity and vacuum degree. It is necessary to replace or replenish water in time.

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