Installation and use of rotary oil pump

When installing the rotary pump, certain rules must be observed: the pump with small displacement (moving plate and fixed piece type) should be fixed on a considerable base, and when installing the pump, it should be considered that the use process is easy to access, so as to observe its working conditions and replace new oil. 

Piston pump should be installed on the foundation and fixed with bolts, nuts, washers and lock nuts. After installation, the pump must be cleaned with clean cloth.

Before starting the pump, it must be washed with vacuum oil, and then injected with the required amount of pumping. When the pump motor and circuit connected, must be sure that the motor belt rotation direction is correct.

To do this, the drive belt must be removed from the pulley of the pump, and then the motor is switched on. If the rotation direction of the motor pulley is consistent with the direction indicated by the pointer on the pump cover, it is correct to turn on the motor (if it is standing against the motor, its pulley should rotate clockwise).

After the motor stops rotating, put on the drive belt, tighten it with the fastening bolt on the sliding plate, and finally fix the motor firmly (at this time, the intake pipe of the pump should be sealed).

After that, the pulley of the pump must be rotated by hand for several turns, and then the pump is turned on, and the limit empty caused by the pump is measured. In order to prevent the oil from splashing out of the pump, do not switch on the pump at once, but turn on the motor intermittently several times in a short time interval, and the rotation of the pump rotor is not greater than half revolution in each time interval.

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High performance of vacuum unit

In order to drive the overall development of product application and performance strength, and expand the performance advantage of the overall improvement of enterprise productivity, in the process of effectively accelerating the driving of product utilization advantage ability, we should use the advantage of vacuum unit to accelerate the improvement of product application ability, realize the continuous development of product application performance and quality strength, through reasonable operation specification To increase the performance strength of unit equipment, and further provide reliable equipment application for enterprises. 

In order to speed up the overall development of enterprise productivity, the vacuum pump should make use of the actual effect of various aspects of the product, highlight the overall improvement of its advantage role, and highlight the driving force of the quality and performance of the vacuum unit in the application process of improving the development of product application ability, so as to make it in the process of continuous improvement of product operation advantages In order to achieve the overall promotion of the application effect of all aspects, we should constantly strengthen the performance of the product's own value ability.

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General structure of vacuum pump

Vertical structure of the intake and exhaust port horizontal settings, assembly and connection of the pipeline are more convenient. However, the center of gravity of the pump is high, and the stability is poor at high speed operation, so this type of pump is mostly used for small pumps. 

The air inlet of horizontal pump is in the upper part and the exhaust port is in the lower part. Sometimes, in order to facilitate the installation and connection of vacuum system pipeline, the exhaust port can be connected from the horizontal direction, that is, the inlet and outlet directions are perpendicular to each other. At this time, the exhaust port can be opened from the left or right directions. In addition to one end of the exhaust pipe, the other end is blocked or connected with a bypass valve. This kind of pump has low center of gravity and good stability at high speed. General large and medium-sized pumps use this structure. 

The two rotor shafts of the vacuum pump are installed vertically with the horizontal plane. This structure is easy to control the assembly clearance, the rotor assembly is convenient, and the pump occupies a small area. However, the center of gravity of the pump is high and the gear assembly and disassembly is inconvenient, and the lubrication mechanism is relatively complex.

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Principle of gas liquid separation by reciprocating vacuum pump

Do you know much about reciprocating vacuum pump? If you don't know much about it, the following will help you. Let's introduce the principle of reciprocating vacuum pump to realize gas-liquid separation. Let's take a look at it 

The liquid water of reciprocating vacuum pump will spread on the surface of hydrophilic material. If the porous structure is made of hydrophilic material (there is a gap between the holes), the porous structure will become a special channel for liquid water, just like many capillary tubes. In the same way, porous structure made of hydrophobic materials will become a special channel for gas. In this way, the hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties of the material are used to realize gas-liquid separation.

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How to install the combined vacuum pump

The assembly method of the combined vacuum pump is slightly different from that of the integral type. Taking the small five piece rotary vane vacuum pump as an example, it is composed of the high and low end cover plates, the high and low vacuum pump cavity components and the middle diaphragm plates to form the whole vacuum pump body. The assembly sequence is as follows. 

First of all, clamp the bottom of the middle partition plate assembly up on the long vice (100 caliber, 220 mm long), and pay attention not to use too much force to crush the sealing surface. When clamping, two pieces of iron (about 10 mm in thickness) less than the thickness of the vacuum pump assembly should be padded. Because the high and low rotor shafts of this kind of vacuum pump work synchronously through the cross joint at the shaft end, the high vacuum pump cavity group on the side of the vacuum pump wheel should be installed first. The specific method is to install the rotating plate and spring into the high rotor groove, pinch the rotating piece into the vacuum pump cavity, and then insert the shaft end with the convex head into the shaft hole of the middle diaphragm, and then insert the end cover The shaft seal hole on the disc is aligned with the rotor shaft, and the two sets of high-end plates are fixed on the middle partition plate with bolts. When the bolts are not too tight, tap the end cover gently with a small hammer to make the rotor and the vacuum pump cavity natural diagonal square (right angle), and then tighten the bolts with force. However, it should be noted that there should be no blockage when rotating the vacuum pump wheel, and then install another one Low vacuum end; The cross groove at the shaft end of the low rotor should be tightly connected with the convex head of the high rotor extending through the middle partition plate. After installing the low end end cover with the same method, tighten it. At the same time, tap the end cover with a hammer, and finally tighten the bolts. At this time, it takes a lot of effort to rotate the vacuum pump wheel at first. After a few weeks of rotation, one hand should rotate, but there should be no local wheel weight block. Then, the two end covers are disassembled again Hold on with your hands

Take out the rotor by rotating the blade and carefully observe whether there are uniform line scratches on the rotor. If so, it indicates that the assembly is appropriate. If there is a black line at one end of the rotor, it is necessary to further check whether there is taper at both ends of the rotor or vacuum pump cavity. If the two ends are the same size, it means that the rotor and the vacuum pump cavity are not square, and the rotor is installed askew. According to the position of the black line on the rotor, the correction effect can be corrected according to the position of the black line on the rotor If there is no light line mark on the rotor, it means that the rotor is not close to the vacuum pump cavity at all. At this time, the assembly pieces at both ends of the middle partition plate should be raised by one or two wires (only by reaming the four corner fastening bolt holes), so that the vacuum pump chamber and the rotor are close. If no other problems are found, apply insect glue paint solution to the sealing joint Auxiliary sealing, and finally loading and testing.

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Characteristics of Roots vacuum pump

The positive exhaust blower can be used in series with the vane pump to obtain a higher pumping speed and lower limit pressure under medium vacuum than when the vane pump is used alone. Roots vacuum pump, or roots blower, consists of a pair of cocoon shaped rotors mounted on two parallel shafts. The clearance between the rotor itself and between the rotor and the pump housing is typically about 0.2mm. The two rotors rotate synchronously in reverse at 3000rpm to 3500rpm. Since the clearance between the rotor and the pump housing is not sealed with oil, this speed is feasible. 

The compression ratio of Roots vacuum pump, or the pressure ratio between inlet and outlet of pump, is related to pressure, and its maximum value is close to 100Pa. At higher pressure, the compression ratio of the pump is smaller, which is because the conductance in the sub clearance increases with the increase of pressure. In theory, the compression ratio should remain unchanged at a lower pressure, but it is actually decreased. The outgassing and the roughness of the rotor surface make the compression ratio lose at low pressure. When the rotor faces the high pressure side, the surface of the rotor will absorb gas, and when the rotor faces the high pressure side, a part of the adsorbed gas will be released. The maximum compression ratio is 44. The compression ratio of large J pump is higher than that of small pump, because the space occupied by clearance of large pump is smaller than that of pump volume. A light gas like nitrogen has a compression ratio of 15-20% less than that of air. The compression ratio is a static quantity, which is obtained under the condition of zero flow rate. During the measurement, the inlet of the pump is sealed and connected with a pressure gauge, and the exhaust port is connected with a closed coarse pump, and the whole system is pumped. Put the gas into the front pipe of Roots vacuum pump and vane pump, measure the pressure P (front stage pressure) at the exhaust port of Roots vacuum pump, and measure the pressure P1 at the air inlet. The compression ratio is obtained from P / P1.

Under high pressure, considerable heat will be produced when the roots vacuum pump is used to exhaust gas, which will cause expansion of the rotor and may damage the pump. In order to avoid overheating, the maximum pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of Roots vacuum pump is specified. The maximum pressure difference is generally 1000Pa, but exceeding this value in a short time will not cause damage to the pump. In order to avoid heating, roots vacuum pump is connected by compression pump or transfer pump.

In the common way of compressed exhaust, roots vacuum pump and rotary vane pump are used in series, and the rated pumping speed of rotary vane pump is 5 to 10 times lower than that of Roots vacuum pump. When pumping from atmospheric pressure, the bypass pipe around roots vacuum pump should be opened or the roots vacuum pump should be idle. At this time, the mechanical pump is responsible for all the pumping function, until the pressure of the front stage is lower than the pressure difference recommended by the manufacturer, then start the roots vacuum pump and close the bypass valve.

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The limit pressure of vacuum pump

Shortly after the vacuum pump started to work, the minimum pressure P'g appeared. The vacuum pump continues to operate. Because of the increase of vacuum pump temperature, the saturated vapor pressure and viscosity of vacuum pump oil rise and viscosity drop, and the inlet pressure slightly rises to PG. PG is the stable minimum pressure obtained by the vacuum pump, and also the limit pressure of the vacuum pump. 

The limit pressure of the rotary vane vacuum pump is related to the type of vacuum gauge used in measurement. When the compression vacuum meter is used, the limit pressure value is about one order of magnitude lower than that measured by the heat conduction vacuum meter (thermocouple or piezometer, etc.). This is because the former can only measure the partial pressure of permanent gas, the latter is the total pressure of the compressed gas. The current regulations of our country use compression vacuum gauge to measure the limit pressure of oil seal mechanical vacuum pump.

The circulating oil quantity of vacuum pump also affects the limit pressure of vacuum pump. With the increase of oil quantity, the better sealing effect is, the relationship between the limit pressure and oil quantity of vacuum pump changes, and the saturation vapor pressure Po of oil is achieved. In fact, there is a lot of air and water in the vacuum pump oil. After the vacuum pump oil enters the vacuum pump cavity, the air and water absorbed in the vacuum pump oil are released. The relationship between the limit pressure and the oil quantity of the vacuum pump develops upward.

Generally, the vacuum pump oil should be kept on the specified oil level, so that the circulating oil quantity of the vacuum pump should be kept to a certain extent. For double stage vacuum pump, vacuum pump oil can enter high vacuum stage only after degassing at low vacuum stage, so that the amount of air discharge of vacuum pump oil in high vacuum stage can be reduced, so as to reduce the limit pressure of vacuum pump.

The limit pressure of vacuum pump is related to the working temperature of vacuum pump oil. The higher the oil temperature, the higher the saturated vapor pressure of the oil, the higher the limit pressure of the vacuum pump.

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