Vacuum Drying Equipment Application

Vacuum drying has a series of advantages, such as low drying temperature, relative lack of oxygen in drying chamber, avoiding fat oxidation and pigment browning. It is suitable for drying heat-sensitive food materials. In addition, the cost of equipment and drying costs are relatively low. Vacuum drying plays an important role in food drying.

The saturated vapor pressure of water is closely related to temperature. Under vacuum condition, the boiling point of water decreases, that is to say, the operation under vacuum is also operated at low temperature, which can avoid the destruction of nutrients and vitamins at high temperature, and improve the drying speed. In addition, in the vacuum system, the air content per unit volume is lower than that in the atmosphere. In this relatively hypoxic environment, food drying can reduce or even avoid the chance of oxidation of fat, browning of pigments or other oxidative deterioration in food, so vacuum drying can obtain better food quality.

Vacuum drying is widely used in food, pharmaceutical, chemical and other industries. Various vacuum drying equipments have been developed and introduced in China, and their structures are various. In the food industry, the main forms are box type, double cone type vacuum dryer, belt type vacuum dryer and so on. These traditional vacuum drying devices mainly use hot air, steam or electric heating, heat transfer from the outside to the inside of the material using the principles of heat conduction, convection or radiation.

Combining vacuum drying with microwave heating or other drying methods, many new vacuum drying devices have emerged, which promotes the development of vacuum drying. Vacuum microwave drying, which absorbs the advantages of microwave heating and vacuum drying, is a promising drying technology. China Food Machinery Equipment Network recommends that China speed up the development of vacuum microwave drying equipment.

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Freeze Dryer and Conventional Method

Freeze dryer is one of the drying methods, the purpose is to store goods. The damage, decay and deterioration of articles are mainly caused by external and internal factors, such as air, water, temperature and biology. The internal factors are mainly the metabolic function of biomass itself. If the function of external and internal factors can be reduced to a lower level, the object can be kept unchanged for a certain period of time. Freeze dryer has been widely used in chemistry, pharmaceutical industry, food industry and scientific research, especially in biological drugs containing bioactive substances.

Drying is a very ancient operation, but heating and drying of powders and biological products often results in irreversible agglomeration of particles, especially in the preparation of ultra-fine powders. The agglomeration of nanoparticles in liquid phase is difficult to disperse through drying. This is mainly due to the release of water from intergranular pore channels during the drying process of ordinary particles and the high additional pressure caused by surface tension. The particles are pressed together to form a mass. Freeze drying is a way to avoid this problem. Freeze drying is to freeze the gel or blood to be solid, and then vaporized the water in a reasonable condition to remove moisture. Because the process of ice gasification does not affect the coalescence of solid particles, it can preserve the original particles without being compressed and reunited. Freeze dryer is very suitable for biological products, such as blood, because it has no high temperature operation, can prevent the deterioration of biological products.

The drying products generally have the problems of shrinking volume and hardening texture. Most of the volatile components will be lost. Some thermosensitive substances will be denatured and deactivated, and some substances will even be oxidized. Therefore, the properties of dried products are quite different from those before drying. The principle of freeze-drying is basically below 0 C, that is, under the condition of product freezing, only when the residual moisture content of the product is reduced in the later stage, can the product be raised to above 0 C, but generally not more than 40. Under vacuum conditions, when water vapor is sublimated directly, the drug remains in the freezing ice shelf, forming a spongy porous structure, so the volume of the drug is almost unchanged after drying by freeze dryer. Before reuse, as long as water for injection is added, it will dissolve immediately.

There are many methods for drying the freeze dryer, such as drying, boiling, drying, spray drying and vacuum drying. However, the common drying methods are usually carried out at temperatures above 0 degrees Celsius or higher. The drying products generally have the problems of shrinking volume and hardening texture. Most of the volatile components will be lost. Some thermosensitive substances will be denatured and deactivated, and some substances will even be oxidized. Therefore, the properties of dried products are quite different from those before drying. The principle of freeze-drying is basically below 0 C, that is, under the condition of product freezing, only when the residual moisture content of the product is reduced in the later stage, can the product be raised to above 0 C, but generally not more than 40. Under vacuum conditions, when the water vapor is sublimated directly, the drug remains in the ice shelf when it is frozen, forming a porous structure similar to sponge, so its volume is almost unchanged after drying. Before reuse, as long as water for injection is added, it will dissolve immediately.

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Vacuum Freeze Dryer Preparatory Work Analysis

Vacuum freeze dryer is an excellent drying method. Dryers can be preserved for a long time under sealed conditions without additives at room temperature. The structure of freeze-dried articles is porous and crisp, and the rehydration process is fast. The color, aroma, taste, shape and activity of the articles after rehydration are basically unchanged. Vacuum freeze-dryer is especially suitable for food, health care products and pharmaceutical industries. Vacuum freeze dryer is a drying technology that freezes wet material or solution to solid state at low temperature (-10 ~50 ~C), then sublimates water in it directly into gaseous state without liquid state under vacuum (1.3~13Pa), and finally dehydrates the material.

When using vacuum freeze dryer for the first time, the parts of the instrument must be thoroughly cleaned. The parts of stainless steel should be cleaned with ethanol, and the parts of plexiglass should be cleaned with normal saline. Ampoule bottles are cleaned by an ultrasonic cleaner.

Before freeze-drying, it must be pre-frozen. If you want to do so, you need to prepare a low-temperature refrigerator, a low-temperature refrigerator at minus 40 degrees Celsius or a low-temperature refrigerator at minus 80 degrees Celsius. It usually takes about four hours to put the articles ready for drying in a low-temperature refrigerator or liquid nitrogen. It can be observed directly from the outside. After the items are completely frozen, you can carry out the freeze-drying experiment and make the articles quickly. Move to the tray of vacuum freeze dryer to ensure the freeze drying effect.

The main engine is connected with the vacuum pump by a green vacuum tube, which is connected by an international standard clamp. In order to effectively prevent air leakage, a sealing rubber ring was designed inside the clamp. On the method of preventing air leakage, applying proper amount of vacuum grease on the rubber ring and clamping with clamps can make the joints more closely bonded together. If there is no clamping clamp, it will cause air leakage, resulting in the instrument panel display value greater than 20 PA during vacuum extraction. At this time, the tightness of vacuum pump and glass cover of vacuum freeze dryer should be checked.

There are two power sockets on the right side of the main body of the vacuum freeze dryer. One connects the power cord of the vacuum pump to the main body, and then plugs the total power supply of the second vacuum freeze dryer into the power supply.

Before the operation of the vacuum pump, it is necessary to check whether the vacuum pump oil is added or not, otherwise it will not work properly. Oil surface must not be lower than the midline of the oil mirror. When the vacuum pump is used at the beginning, it will shake strongly and become steady slowly.

If the air tightness is not good, some vacuum grease should be applied to the sealing rubber ring above the cold trap, the organic glass cover should be gently rotated on the rubber ring, and the air tightness should be tested by opening the vacuum pump of the vacuum freeze dryer. To ensure that the vacuum freeze dryer gas seal is complete.

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Vacuum pressure impregnation equipment

The design is generally divided into four sections during the design of the vacuum pressure dip coating section: the dip-coating zone, the machine room, the control room and the drying room zone. Under the premise that the fire rating of the vacuum pressure dipping zone is determined, in order to design and construct the plant economically and reasonably, it is necessary to design the plant in a sub-region.

According to the design specifications for electrical installations in fire hazard environments, the explosive atmosphere shall be partitioned according to the frequency and duration of the explosive gas mixture as follows:

Zone 0: an environment in which continuous or long-term explosive gas mixtures occur;

Zone 1: An environment in which a gas mixture may explode during normal operation;

Zone 2: An environment in which an explosive gas mixture is unlikely to occur during normal operation, or an environment where only a short-lived explosive gas mixture is present, even if it occurs.

The immersion paint tank and the paint storage tank are arranged in the immersion paint zone, and the entire varnishing process of the motor is completed in the varnishing zone. The paint storage tank is a tank for storing insulating paint. Under normal circumstances, the lid of the paint storage tank will not open, and the tank is in a vacuum state. If the tank is not filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen, then the paint liquid in the paint storage tank The surface is a continuous release source. The dip-coating tank is a jar of motor immersion paint. The motor is hoisted in the immersion paint tank after vacuuming, painting, pressing, painting, and painting. Before the can lid is opened, the residual styrene vapor in the dip tank is pumped to the exhaust gas purification treatment device through the suction device of the tank body and the tank mouth, and is discharged at a high altitude, even though a small portion may be volatilized into the ambient air of the dip tank. It is only a short time.

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Experimental vacuum freeze dryer

The experimental vacuum freeze dryer is widely used in the fields of medicine, pharmacy, biological research, chemical industry and food. Items treated by freeze-drying are easy to be preserved for a long time, and can be restored to the pre-freeze-drying state and maintain the original biochemical characteristics after adding water. LGJ-10 freeze dryer, suitable for laboratory use, can meet the requirements of most laboratories routine freeze-drying.

Technical parameters characteristics of experimental vacuum freeze dryer:

1. Integral structure design, small size, no external flange, easy to use, no leakage.

2. All materials in contact with the product are inert materials to meet the requirements of GLP.

3. Cold trap and operating table are made of stainless steel, which is corrosion-resistant and easy to clean.

4. All stainless steel inflatable (drainage) valves designed and manufactured by our company are safe, anticorrosive and leak-free.

5. The cold trap has large opening, no inner coil, with sample pre-freezing function, and no cryogenic refrigerator is needed.

6. Specialized gas diversion technology, uniform cold trap ice capture, ice capture ability.

7. International well-known brand compressor, high efficiency and energy saving, long service life, low noise.

8. Well-known brand vacuum pump, high pumping speed, to achieve higher vacuum limit.

9. Vacuum pump protection function, can set the starting cold trap temperature of vacuum pump, protect the service life of vacuum pump.

10. Specialized design of FD-LAB lyophilizer control system + SH-HPSC-I modular controller, with high reliability and stability.

11. Intelligent data recording system, real-time record and display cold trap temperature curve, sample temperature curve, vacuum curve, derived data can be browsed and printed by computer and a variety of operations.

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