Treatment of pumping phenomenon of screw vacuum pump

Screw vacuum pump can remove a large amount of water vapor and a small amount of dust, but the screw vacuum pump may be extracted after long-term use. This kind of pumping phenomenon affects the normal operation of the equipment. This will make the screw vacuum pump unable to perform the corresponding work in the normal working mode. 

1. For the higher screw vacuum pump, it is impossible to directly discharge the atmosphere. If the direct exhaust environment will constitute a screw vacuum pump, there will be too much pressure difference between the suction and discharge ports, which will overload the vacuum pump. Therefore, a higher vacuum must be ensured. Make sure there is open space between the rotors.

2. The front stage pump must be used when using the front stage pump, and then when the pressure in the system is sucked into a certain range, the front stage pump is used to inject the screw vacuum pump, so as to avoid the overload phenomenon of the screw vacuum pump.

In addition, when the rotor turns over continuously, the gas inhaled is drawn into the space between the rotor and the pump shell from the air inlet, and then discharged through the exhaust port. Since the suction space is completely closed, the internal gas in the pump chamber is not tightened and expanded. However, when the top of the rotor turns over the edge of the exhaust port and the space is connected with the exhaust side, a part of the gas returns to the space due to the high pressure on the gas exhaust side, so the gas pressure is high. It suddenly increased. As the rotor continues to move, the gas leaves the pump.

The pumping phenomenon of screw vacuum pump is also related to the usual maintenance work. Regular maintenance and timely detection of maintenance problems can not only reduce equipment failure, but also use the equipment very well.


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Micro air pump for quick release of objects

The essence of vacuum adsorption of micro vacuum pump: after the micro vacuum pump is powered on, the pressure difference between the negative pressure generated at the suction port and the external atmospheric pressure is used to firmly absorb the object through the contact elements such as suction cup, so as to play the role of hanging, fixing and moving objects.

The next process of vacuum adsorption is the release of the object after being absorbed. When it is necessary to release the absorbed object, the pump must be shut down first, and do not continue to vacuum. After the pump is shut down, the object may not fall off immediately, because the pump has a certain pressure holding capacity, and the vacuum will continue to maintain for a certain period of time (the length of time depends on the air leakage of the system).

At present, the micro air pump, micro vacuum pump and so on, including domestic micro air pump, micro vacuum pump and most of foreign micro air pump and micro vacuum pump, because of the internal process principle and other reasons, only one-way flow of gas from the air inlet to the exhaust port is allowed, and vice versa. It is not simple to reverse the motor can change the direction of the air flow, to meet the requirements of the release object.

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Simulation calculation of cavity clearance in twin screw vacuum pump

The temperature field distribution and deformation of the two rotors are obtained by loading the first and third kinds of thermal boundary conditions, as well as the force and displacement boundary conditions. The results show that the radial deformation of the rotor is different among different stages. Therefore, this paper makes detailed requirements for the clearance in the vacuum pump cavity, and carries out calculation. The calculation results provide a theoretical basis for the determination of the cavity clearance of the twin screw vacuum pump.

In the working process of screw vacuum pump, the rotor will have thermal deformation, so appropriate clearance should be reserved in the rotor manufacturing process. If the clearance is too small, the deformation is easy to cause the rotor to get stuck; if the clearance is too large, the screw vacuum pump cannot obtain a higher vacuum degree. Therefore, the calculation of clearance is very important. At present, most of the related literature at home and abroad is focused on screw compressor, and relatively few literatures about screw vacuum pump have not made specific calculation on the clearance.

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dry screw vacuum pump purification process

The purification and cleaning of screw vacuum pump is to remove the gas and compressed steam remaining in the dry screw vacuum pump during compression. When the dry screw vacuum pump is restarted, these residual materials may cause motor overload, which may produce excessive friction load or damage the screw or pump body. Therefore, in the case of a considerable amount of dirty substances in the pump, the pump should be cleaned.

The purpose of cooling and purification is to cool the pump body and screw. When the pump is running, the screw rotation makes the pumped gas enter the pump cavity and compress to the exhaust end. Due to the hot compression, the gas temperature will rise rapidly. In order to prevent the pump from being damaged, these heat must be eliminated immediately. For small screw vacuum pump, cooling purification is optional.

Air in the atmosphere is usually used as the cooling and purification medium. When the extracted process gas is not suitable for air purification, other cooling media, such as nitrogen, clean and dry air, should be used. For standard pumps, an interface is provided near the exhaust end of the pump body.

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Energy saving device of rotary vane vacuum pump

The energy-saving control device of rotary vane vacuum pump includes rotary vane vacuum pump and asynchronous motor driven and connected with it, rotary vane vacuum pump connected with sealed container which needs vacuum pumping, vacuum measuring instrument, control device and AC voltage regulating device. The air pressure sensor connected to the vacuum measuring instrument is located in a sealed container, the electrical signal output end of the vacuum measuring instrument is connected with the control device, the control terminal of the control device is connected with the AC voltage regulating device connected with the power grid, and the output end of the AC voltage regulating device is connected with the asynchronous motor.

The vacuum measuring instrument receives the gas pressure signal in the sealed container transmitted by the pressure sensor, and sends it to the control device through transmission and amplification. The control device stores a program to adjust the voltage according to the gas pressure signal, and compares the received gas pressure signal with the set value. When the gas pressure of the extracted container is lower than the set value, it will send a step-down command to the AC pressure regulating device. According to the command of the control device, the AC voltage regulator supplies the voltage to the asynchronous motor when the gas pressure decreases, so as to reduce the energy consumption. The vacuum measuring instrument is equipped with a gas pressure indicator, which can display the current gas pressure in the sealed container.

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Vacuum technology of imported vacuum pump in sand blasting machine

The principle of sand collection, lifting and transportation in sand blasting room is the vacuum technology of imported vacuum pump. The application of imported vacuum pump in sandblasting machine industry is essential. Sandblasting machine is the category of air conveying machinery. In the pipeline, compressed air is used to transport powdery particles (1 ~ 4mm in diameter) from one place to another. In the process of converting kinetic energy into potential energy, the high-speed moving sand particles scour the surface of the object, so as to improve the surface quality of the object.

In vacuum sand lifting, the sand is lifted into the sandblasting machine tank by the suction force of the imported vacuum pump, so as to replace the manual sand loading and sand transportation, reduce the opportunity of operators to contact silica dust, reduce the labor intensity and improve the productivity.

Firstly, start the imported vacuum pump to cause the vacuum in the buffer tank, so as to lift the sand to a certain height in the buffer tank, and then flow into the rotary screen from the buffer tank, and the qualified sand will automatically fall into the sand storage tank after screening.

The second step is to connect the vacuum to the sand blasting tank (a sand separation buffer tank is installed in the middle) to cause the vacuum in the sand blasting tank, so that the sand particles are lifted from the sand storage tank to the sand blasting tank to complete the lifting and transportation of sand particles.

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Installation and operation steps of chemical centrifugal pump

Chemical centrifugal pump refers to the centrifugal pump used in the chemical field. Compared with other types of pumps, chemical centrifugal pump has the advantages of simple structure, not easy to wear, stable operation, low noise, uniform water outlet, convenient adjustment and high efficiency, so chemical centrifugal pump has been widely used.

The key to the installation technology of chemical centrifugal pump is to determine the installation height (i.e. suction head) of chemical centrifugal pump. This height refers to the vertical distance between the water surface of the water source and the center line of the impeller of the chemical centrifugal pump. It can not be confused with the allowable vacuum height. The allowable suction vacuum height on the chemical centrifugal pump product manual or nameplate refers to the vacuum value on the water inlet section of the chemical centrifugal pump, and is measured by test under 1 standard atmospheric pressure and water temperature of 20 ℃ Yes. It does not take into account the water flow condition after the matching of the suction pipe. The installation height of chemical centrifugal pump should be allowed to absorb the vacuum height, after deducting the loss of suction pipe head, the remaining part of the value, it should overcome the actual terrain suction height. The installation height of chemical centrifugal pump should not exceed the calculated value, otherwise, the chemical centrifugal pump will not be able to pump water.

The working principle of chemical centrifugal pump is that when the pump is full of water, the impeller rotates to produce centrifugal force. The water in the impeller channel is thrown out and flows into the pump shell under the action of centrifugal force, so the pressure at the center of the impeller decreases, which is lower than the pressure in the water inlet pipe, and the water flows into the impeller from the suction tank under the effect of this pressure difference. In this way, the pump can continuously absorb water and supply water continuously.

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Countermeasures for high temperature of vacuum pump

The motor power and speed are matched with the imported vacuum pump and cannot be changed. The fan is installed on the main shaft of the motor. The speed of the motor determines the speed of the fan and cannot be replaced. Although increasing the number of fan blades can play a certain role, but the dynamic balance is not easy to find after the number of blades is increased. If the alignment is not good, the motor vibration will increase.

(1) The fan cover of the original vacuum pump was lengthened by 40cm, and an axial fan with the same diameter as the fan cover was installed inside. The motor power of the axial fan was 850W, the speed was 1489r / min, and the voltage was 380V. The original fan remains. The axial flow fan is equipped with another power supply control, and the axial flow fan is not interlocked with the main motor. Start the axial flow fan in time after starting the imported vacuum pump, and stop the axial flow fan 30 minutes after the vacuum pump stops, so as to make the main motor fully cooled.

(2) Regularly remove the dust on the vacuum pump motor, keep the motor heat sink clean and increase its heat dissipation capacity.

(3) Adjust the bus voltage of the imported vacuum pump to 400V.

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Vacuum pump in biogas slag suction car

1. When the vacuum pump exhausts air from the tank and reaches a certain negative pressure for slag suction, the rear valve is usually closed first, and then the vacuum pump is stopped. At this time, there is still a certain degree of vacuum in the tank, and the mechanical oil will be sucked into the tank (visible through the steel wire hose for connection).

2. When the vacuum pump inflates and pressurizes the tank, due to the vehicle running on the field, there must be a shift demand. However, the pump will stop when the clutch is pressed. If the vacuum pump stops running, a large amount of mechanical oil will be sprayed outside.

As the rotary vane vacuum pump needs a certain amount of mechanical oil lubrication and sealing, and the existence of the above two phenomena will lead to the loss of more than 1L of stored mechanical oil, which needs continuous replenishment by operators. In this way, it not only causes great waste of manpower and material resources, but also reduces the work efficiency, even damages the parts of vacuum pump, and also causes certain pollution, which seriously restricts this kind of vehicle To promote the use of.

In order to overcome the above problems, some enterprises use the method of refitting "air compressor" instead of "vacuum pump", but the production cost is greatly increased, and the air compressor body is too large, and the layout is difficult.

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Vacuum valve used in electronic industry

The valve in the vacuum device is used to separate the parts of the system. According to their working characteristics, they can be divided into pre vacuum valve and high vacuum valve. The diameter of the inlet and outlet of the former is generally about 15-20 mm, which is mostly sealed with vacuum rubber gasket, which is used for the pre vacuum part. The diameter of the latter is 65, 100, 150, 180 mm or more. Metal gasket is used for sealing (especially for valves in ultra-high vacuum part). Only when the limit vacuum is less than 10-6 Torr, rubber seal is used more. They are widely used in the use of materials, brass, steel, stainless steel and other metals, because of the porous casting, so vacuum valves are not casting.

For the valve stem and cover or with the valve body of the main form of sealing, rubber, metal corrugated pipe, film (refers to the valve made of bronze or nickel skin, thickness of 0.1-0.15 mm corrugated film seal, generally its reciprocating stroke of 2-4 mm) is less used.

In the valve hole sealing (refers to the sealing of the closing valve), generally using vacuum rubber. The conical valve disc (made of soft material silver, nickel or brass) and the cylindrical seat (made of quenched steel) is tightly sealed in linear form. Due to its poor durability (such as the valve disc is slightly skewed to the seat, the sealing surface processing is defective, and the valve seat is pressed too tightly, the valve is no longer tight and needs to be repaired). It is only used in ultra-high vacuum. Oil seal and liquid metal seal are not widely used except for some systems with high vacuum requirement and small pipe size.

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Low vacuum extraction unit

The main features of the low vacuum unit are high working pressure and large exhaust volume, but the pumping speed is lower than that of the high vacuum unit. It is mostly used in rough pumping of vacuum chamber and vacuum conveying, vacuum impregnation, vacuum filtration, vacuum drying, vacuum degassing (molten steel treatment) and other devices with large exhaust volume and high working pressure.

The main pumps of low-vacuum pumping units are commonly used reciprocating vacuum pumps, oil-sealed mechanical pumps, dry mechanical pumps, water jet pumps, water vapor jet pumps, water ring pumps, molecular sieve adsorption pumps, wet roots pumps and other straight-out atmospheric vacuum pumps. To use the low-vacuum extraction unit, the necessary dust collector, water-gas separator, oil-water separator, dry bath trap and other components must be equipped according to the cleaned degree of the exhausted gas, humidity or other special requirements.

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Working principle of liquid ring pump

The main components of liquid ring pump are pump shell and impeller. The impeller is composed of 12 flat blades, forming a radial shape, which is eccentrically installed in the pump shell. The cross section of the pump shell is round, and the pump is filled with half volume of water. When the impeller rotates, the water is thrown to the surrounding pump wall, forming a water ring. Moreover, the water turns the blades into many closed spaces separated from each other (the impeller is installed eccentrically, and the sizes of these confined spaces are different). The upper space is small, the lower space is large, and the water ring acts as a piston made of water. The gas is inhaled from the larger space below, and the space pushed to the top by the rotating blade becomes smaller, and the gas is compressed and discharged. The suction pipe and discharge pipe are respectively installed on the two sides above the pump body, because the suction space is lower. Press out the space up, and must first suction back, so the direction of impeller rotation can only follow this direction (reverse is not allowed).

The liquid ring pump is characterized by simple and compact structure; the rotor can be directly connected with the motor without speed change device; the exhaust is uniform and the exhaust volume is large; the vulnerable parts are few and reliable; except for the bearing, other parts do not need lubrication; however, due to the existence of water and steam partial pressure in the pump, it can not produce very high vacuum degree (vacuum up to 70% ~ 90%).

Liquid ring pump is suitable for pumping gas containing liquid (especially for conveying corrosive and explosive gas).

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Application technology of oil diffusion pump

Because the partial pressure of the extracted gas above the steam stream is greater than that of the gas in the steam flow, the gas molecules are continuously diffused from the higher pressure area to the lower partial pressure area, and are collided by the supersonic steam molecules. Thus, the gas molecules get a velocity component pointing to the front stage of the pump. From a macroscopic point of view, it seems that the gas molecules are gradually transferred by the steam flow Push down. After several stages of compression, the gas with larger volume and lower pressure has become a gas gap with smaller volume and higher pressure (more than 10-3 Torr) when it reaches the front stage space, and is then pumped away by the front stage mechanical pump. The steam from the nozzle flows to the wall of water-cooled pump, condensed into liquid, flows back to the fractionator, and then heated into steam. In this way, a low pressure area is gradually formed at the upper end and near the nozzle, and the pressure in the container is continuously reduced.

The high-speed steam flow acts as a barrier to the high-pressure and strong gas in the front vacuum chamber, preventing it from returning to the high vacuum end. The high vacuum end pressure of this kind of pump can be generally as low as 10-8 Torr, while the front stage pressure can be higher than the first 10-1 Torr. Therefore, the gas compression ratio is as high as 100 million times, which is also an incomparable advantage of other pumps. However, due to various reasons, the vapor molecules in the pump liquid will inevitably flow back into the high vacuum end and pollute the vacuum system and the evacuated vessels or devices, which must be eliminated.

The efficiency of the pump is more than 50% under the conditions of different pump structure and diffusion mechanism, The maximum working capacity per kW is higher than 1 Torr · L / s, the back pressure of the front stage is better than 0.5 Torr, the limit pressure of direct pumping without cold trap can reach 1 x10-9 Torr, the pumping rate has been increased by two times compared with the old pump, the maximum allowable discharge pressure and durability have been enhanced. Generally speaking, the key problem is that it is possible to obtain ultra-high or extremely high vacuum and "clean" vacuum by oil diffusion pump due to the development of low vapor pressure pump liquid and backflow control. As long as the influence of dissolved hydrogen in materials can be completely prevented, thoroughly baking and degassing, and penetration can be prevented, the pollution caused by the outgassing of materials and pump walls can be reduced as far as possible. It seems possible to obtain the ultimate ultimate pressure of 10-16 Torr with diffusion pump.

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Characteristics of water ring vacuum pump

Water ring vacuum pump can transport both gas and liquid. It is only in the pumping liquid, the aging rate is low. When conveying gas, it can also be used as a low-pressure compressor, and its discharge pressure is about 0.1-0.2 MPa. The range of displacement is 0.25-30 m3 / min. The vacuum degree can reach 70-80%, while the vacuum degree can reach 99.5% when the manufacturing is excellent.

When the extracted gas should not contact with water, the pump can be filled with oil or other liquid medium (at this time, it is often called liquid ring pump). If oil is used as working medium, the vacuum degree of the first stage and the second stage can reach 99.98% and 99.999% respectively.

The biggest advantage of water ring vacuum pump is that it can pump gas containing liquid. In the use of the vacuum system, there are many conditions in which the inhalation contains liquid in the form of clouds. Even if it contains Yanqi state, it will liquefy in the compression process, and it is not suitable to use general reciprocating pump for such suction. Because the liquid is enclosed between the piston and the cylinder head, the valve and other channels become too narrow due to the existence of liquid. The gas resistance increases, that is, the success rate is lost. And the water ring vacuum pump is originally liquid as the piston, so in the suction containing liquid is completely OK.

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Process analysis of water ring vacuum pump in vacuum transportation

The vacuum suction solid device is mainly composed of suction nozzle, conveying pipe, separator, gas pipeline, dust collector and vacuum pump.

Water ring vacuum pump is characterized by reliable operation, simple structure, convenient operation and low noise. Due to water as the medium, even if there is a small amount of dust in the air, it is mixed with water after entering the vacuum pump, and it is often discharged from the exhaust hole with water, so the wear of the pump is small. In addition, the outstanding feature is that its working characteristic curve is close to the process requirements of suction and delivery, which can ensure the smooth operation of suction and delivery.

When the vacuum degree changes in the range of 0 ~ 60%, the gas volume only changes between 695 ~ 616 M 8 / h, and the change rate is only 11.4%.

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Vacuum pump in oil refining and petrochemical production

Vacuum pump is a kind of conveying machinery that draws air from negative pressure and exhausts at atmospheric pressure. Its purpose is to create and maintain the vacuum required by the process system. The vacuum pumps commonly used in oil refining and petrochemical production include reciprocating vacuum pump, water ring vacuum pump and jet vacuum pump.

The structure and working principle of reciprocating vacuum pump are basically the same as that of reciprocating compressor. The pressure difference between inside and outside the cylinder is very small, but its compression ratio is very large (for example, for 95% vacuum degree, the compression ratio is about 20). Therefore, the suction and discharge valves of the reciprocating vacuum pump must be light and flexible, easy to open and close; the volume of the rest gaps must be very small. At the same time, in order to reduce the adverse effect of the residual gas in the clearance on the pumping rate of the vacuum pump, the inner wall of the two ends of the cylinder of the vacuum pump is often provided with a balance airway connecting the two sides of the piston.

At the end of exhaust, the balance port can make the clearance communicate with the other side of the piston for a short time, so that the residual gas in the clearance can flow to the other side of the piston through the balance airway, so as to reduce the pressure of the gas in the clearance, so as to improve the suction efficiency, that is, to increase the volume coefficient. The limit vacuum produced by reciprocating vacuum pump can reach about 2KPa (absolute pressure). The gas discharged by reciprocating vacuum pump should not contain liquid. If the gas contains a large amount of steam, the condensable gas must be removed (generally condensed) before entering the vacuum pump, that is, reciprocating vacuum pump belongs to dry vacuum pump.

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Main use of water jet pump

① It is used in vacuum distillation, concentration, dehydration, decolorization, drying, crystallization, filtration, degassing, material transportation, tail gas and dust absorption etc.

② When it is applied to spray condensing secondary steam, a large amount of secondary steam will be produced in some processes, which needs to be condensed. At the same time, a small amount of non condensable gas also needs to be discharged to maintain normal production. This kind of water jet pump is called water jet condenser, which is mainly composed of condensation and exhaust.

③ In the aspect of vapor-liquid mass transfer and absorption, the liquid flowing out at high speed meets the gas being ejected, and the process of air entrained by the jet is also the process of vapor-liquid two-phase mixing. Because the water jet pump has a large contact surface between the gas and liquid phases, and the high-speed jet has a large speed, which greatly strengthens the speed of the mass exchange process in absorption and mass transfer, and accelerates the chemical reaction or mass transfer process. Therefore, water jet pump has the function of both reactor and pump. It is used as absorption and mass transfer equipment in many occasions

④ In many large chemical plants and chemical fertilizer plants, the steam or hot water with certain energy is often discharged, resulting in energy waste. Water jet pump is used to inject low-energy fluid with less jars of high-energy fluid, so as to increase the energy site of the fluid, and then used in the production process.

⑤ The high-energy fluid used in the fluid power transmission and water jet pump is used to inject the low-energy fluid participating in the reaction, so as to replace the power equipment for fluid transmission.

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diaphragm vacuum valve principle application range

Diaphragm vacuum valve uses the valve rod to press the rubber diaphragm directly on the valve seat. It is used to cut off or connect air flow. It is often installed between the pumped container and various low vacuum pumps. Its action principle is to rotate the handle to move the stem downward, press the rubber diaphragm directly on the valve seat, and cut off the air flow. Rotate the hand wheel in the opposite direction, and the valve rod moves upward to drive the rubber diaphragm away from the valve seat and connect the air flow.

The main body of the valve is made of aluminum alloy. Simple structure, light weight, small volume and good sealing performance. The diaphragm vacuum valve with NBR is used for the non corrosive gas on the low vacuum pipeline and the temperature of - 25 ~ 80 ℃. The diaphragm vacuum valve with fluororubber can be used for the high vacuum system with the temperature range of - 30 ~ 150 ℃

The existing series of diaphragm vacuum valves produced in China have nominal diameters of 10 mm, 25 mm, 40 mm and 50 mm respectively. Among them, GM type high vacuum diaphragm has five types: GM type, GMC type, gm-kf type, gm-d-h (I) and gm-d-h (II). The difference lies in the form of connecting flange of the valve.

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What are the types of water ring vacuum pumps

What are the types of water ring vacuum pumps?

The water ring vacuum pump in use has single-stage, multi-stage and single-stage cascade ejector series connection water ring vacuum pump. The two-stage water ring vacuum pump has a higher limit vacuum than the single-stage water ring vacuum pump, and the curve of suction capacity is flat, which is suitable for the work situation where a larger suction capacity is still needed under a higher vacuum.

The two-stage water ring vacuum pump can also be used as a secondary booster pump for high vacuum pumps such as water vapor jet. The two-stage water ring vacuum pump is a two-stage impeller connected in series on the same shaft, and the main shaft is directly connected with the driving device. There are two modes of operation when the two-stage water ring vacuum pump is used for vacuumizing the condenser in the power station: under the starting condition of low vacuum, the absolute pressure of the condenser and other vacuum systems is 14665.2pa, which can be operated in one stage; under the normal operation condition of high vacuum, the absolute pressure of the condenser is 5999.4pa, which can be operated in two stages.

The serial vacuum pump used in the power station is to connect a ejector to the inlet of the water ring vacuum pump to improve the suction vacuum. The air is used as working medium, which is ejected from the nozzle at high speed. The ejected gas is drawn out, and then enters the water ring vacuum pump, where it continues to be compressed. Finally, the gas and water are discharged out of the tank.

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high temperature hot oil pump structural characteristics

high temperature hot oil pump structural characteristics

The high-temperature hot oil pump adopts the self heating and heat dissipation structure, which changes the traditional water cooling structure, makes the structure simple, small volume, saves operation cost, good performance and reliable use. It is the second generation product developed on the basis of digesting and absorbing foreign oil pumps in China. The basic structure is single-stage single suction cantilever foot support structure. The inlet of the pump is axial suction and the outlet is vertical upward, It is installed on the base together with the motor.

The support of high temperature hot oil pump adopts the structure of double end ball bearing, the front end is lubricated by lubricating oil, the rear end is lubricated by lubricating grease, and there is a oil pipe in the middle to observe the sealing condition and recover the heat transfer oil at any time.

High temperature hot oil pump is composed of pump body, pump cover, internal and external rotors, pump shaft, shaft end combination seal and other parts. The main drive is composed of a set of meshed rotors. The shaft end seal adopts the combination seal of high temperature resistance and reflux type, and the water tank type cooling method is used to control the temperature of the shaft seal. The high temperature gear pump is a positive displacement pump, which transports the melt by the change of working volume caused by the meshing of the driving and driven gears. The working volume is composed of pump body, gear tooth slot and bearing with side plate function. Pump and motor use three claw type elastic coupling to form oil pump unit.

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