Development of a vacuum furnace

Development of a vacuum furnace

The creation and development of vacuum furnace plays an very important role in human progress. Appeared in the shang dynasty in China, relatively perfect copper smelting furnace, furnace temperature reached 1200 ℃, the stove inside diameter of 0.8 meters. In the spring and autumn period and the warring states period, people in molten copper furnace on the basis of further mastered the technology of improving furnace temperature, thus produce the cast iron in 1794, the world was introduced to direct the cylindrical cupola melting cast iron. In 1864, after the French Martin by using the principle of the British Siemens regenerative furnace, built the first steel open hearth is heated with gas fuel. He used the regenerator to high temperature of air and gas, so as to ensure the steel needed for the temperature above 1600 ℃. Around 1900, power supply sufficient gradually, started to use a variety of resistance furnace, electric arc furnace and cored induction furnace.
In the 20th century 50 s, coreless induction vacuum furnace to get rapid development. Then the electron beam furnace, the use of electron beam to impact solid fuel, can strengthen the surface heating and melting of the high melting point materials. Used to forge heating furnace was first hand forge, the working space is a concave groove, groove filling in coal, combustion with air from the bottom of the tank for the artifacts buried heating in the coal. This furnace thermal efficiency is very low, the heating quality is not good, and only small workpiece heating, after development for refractory brick build by laying bricks or stones becomes close partly or fully enclosed chamber of a stove or furnace chamber furnace, can use coal, gas or oil as fuel, also can use electricity as a heat source, the artifacts in the chamber of a stove or furnace heating.